The Government of India have restructured the Comprehensive Rural Sanitation Programme with effect from 1.4.1999 and launched the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC).
The main objectives of the TSC are to bring about an improvement in the general quality of life in the rural areas and to accelerate sanitation coverage in rural areas to access to toilets to all by 2012 by motivating communities and Panchayati Raj Institutions in promoting sustainable sanitation facilities through awareness creation and health education.
Individual Household Latrines, School Toilets, Anganwaadi Toilets, Sanitary Complexes and Rural Sanitary Marts are taken up under the scheme.
Women Sanitary Complex, Kadavakudi Panchayat, Pudukkottai District
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The project envisages a demand-driven approach with increased stress on awareness building and meeting the demand with alternate delivery mechanisms. With effect from 1.4.2006, the sharing pattern between the Centre and the State is as follows:
Table 2.5.1
Sharing pattern under TCS
IHHL |
60% |
20% |
20% |
School Toilet |
70% |
30% |
0 |
Anganwadi Toilet |
70% |
30% |
0 |
Sanitary Complex |
60% |
20% |
20% |
The unit cost for different types of toilets is as follows:
Table 2.5.2
Unit cost under TSC (Amount in crores)
IHHL -Model-1: Unit cost up to Rs.1500/-(including superstructure)
Model 2 : Unit cost Rs.1500/- to Rs.2000/-
Above Rs.2000/- |
900
600
Nil |
300
600
Nil |
300
800
2,000 |
School Toilet |
14,000 |
6,000 |
0 |
Anganwadi Toilet |
3,500 |
1,500 |
0 |
Sanitary Complex |
1,20,000 |
40,000 |
40,000 |
The allocation of funds for TSC is :
| Government of India |
Rs.454.37 crores |
| Government of Tamil Nadu |
Rs.185.43 crores |
| Beneficiaries |
Rs.157.24 croe |
| Total |
Rs.797.04 crores |
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The physical and financial performance of the State under TSC as on 31.3.2008 are as follows:
Table 2.5.3
Physical Performance
IHHL - BPL
APL |
42,14,089
40,30,794 |
27,19,101
23,14,993 |
School Toilets |
40,418 |
34,347 |
Anganwadi Toilets |
25,470 |
22,171 |
Sanitary Complex |
1,295 |
1,295 |
Sanitary Marts |
244 |
192 |
Total |
83,12,310 |
50,92,099 |
Funds received so far are :Rs.479.06 crores (GoI: Rs.258.89 crores; GoTN: Rs.138.87 crores; and beneficiaries: Rs.90.58 crores)
The expenditure as on 31.3.2008 is Rs. 387.81 crores.
The maintenance of sanitation and hygiene in the villages are the mandatory duties of Village Panchayats as envisaged under Sec.110 (d) of the Tamil Nadu Panchayats Act, 1994. The disposal of solid waste and sewage water is becoming a major problem for many Village Panchayats especially those situated in the vicinity of the Corporation and bigger Municipalities and individual Village Panchayats may not be a viable unit for contracting out solid waste management and sewage disposal. Hence it is proposed to group several suburban Village Panchayats into clusters so as to form a viable unit for contracting out or allow Village Panchayats to enter into partnership with the neighbouring Corporations or Municipalities in this regard.
It is proposed to launch a State level Multi-Media campaign this year in order to change the mind-set of the rural public regarding sanitation practices and generate demand for individual household toilets.
Table 2.5.4
Total Sanitation Campaign- (TSC)
1 |
2000 - 01 |
11.88 |
16,086 |
2 |
2001 - 02 |
21.40 |
1,39,751 |
3 |
2002 - 03 |
27.79 |
2,76,894 |
4 |
2003 - 04 |
45.15 |
4,51,701 |
5 |
2004 - 05 |
42.59 |
4,88,205 |
6 |
2005 - 06 |
116.99 |
6,13,826 |
7 |
2006 - 07 |
84.14 |
2,15,286 |
8 |
2007 - 08 |
42.13 |
5,74,109 |
2.5.1 Nirmal Gram Puraskar
To give a fillip to the Total Sanitation Campaign, the Government of India launched an incentive scheme from June 2003 in the form of an award for total sanitation coverage, maintenance of clean environment and open defecation-free Village Panchayats, Blocks and Districts called 'Nirmal Gram Puraskar' as may be seen in Table 1.7.
Table 2.5.5
Cash Incentive Criteria for Nirmal Gram Puraskar
Village Panchayat |
Less than 1,000 |
0.50 |
1,000 to 1,999 |
1.00 |
2,000 to 4,999 |
2.00 |
5,000 to 9,999 |
4.00 |
10,000 and above |
5.00 |
Block |
Upto 50,000 |
10.00 |
50,001 and above |
20.00 |
District |
Upto 10 lakhs |
30.00 |
Above 10 lakhs |
50.00 |
For the year 2006-2007, 296 Village Panchayats have been awarded Nirmal Gram Puraskar. For the year 2007-08, proposals have been received from 1960 Village Panchayats and 11 Block Panchayats and have been sent to Government of India.
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